Groups of chemicals use as detergent

Groups of chemicals use as detergent
linear alkylbenzene sulfonate
Sodium lauryl sulfate

Other detergents

  • Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate /ALS
  • Triethanolamine Lauryl Sulfate / TLS
  • Diethanolamin /DEA
  • Triethanolamin/ TEA
  • Betaine
  • NaOCl/ Sodium hypochlorite
  • NaOH/Sodium hydroxide
  • Sodium carbonate/soda ash

The groups of surface-active agents are use in detergent:

  • Anionic detergent that is including soap and the largest synthetic detergents
  • Cationic detergent that produces electrically positive ions in solution.
  • Nonionic detergent it produces electrically neutral colloidal particles in solution.

Molecules in detergent

Detergents are substances that remove fat and dirt particles from fabrics or other objects and are prepared in different types. The first ingredient made as a detergent was soap. Soap is hundreds of years old. The last soap machines discovered date back to 2000 years ago.

When soap has been done making ?

Soap making has been done industrially and in large quantities for 700 years, and it has been 200 years since its manufacture changed and became classic and modern. Soap is made from different materials. In the books defined in the second century AD, some books refer to their soap, which is made from goat cheese and charcoal ash and lime. It is also necessary to use this type of soap to maintain hygiene and prevent disease and ulcers. In the Middle Ages, soap was made and used in the Mediterranean fringe, but in any case, soap is a commercial item and people can no longer afford it. Used in Marseille and in the 18th century to produce soap products in several regions.

Since when a number of detergents reach level ?

 The number of detergents has reached a level that cannot be counted, so that today we are faced with a large number of detergents, along with their advertisements. At present, in some countries, more than 80% of the detergents used are made from synthetic detergents. However, in general usage, the term soap refers to an alkali metal salt or ammonium, a straight-chain carboxylic acid with 10-18 carbon atoms, and the name of the detergent refers to a synthetic material with a similar structure.

Structure of detergents

The detergents (surface-active agents) has chemical structures: their molecules contain a hydrophobic (water-insoluble) part, same as a fatty acid or a rather long chain carbon group such as fatty alcohols or alkyl benzene. The molecule contains a hydrophilic (water-soluble) group, such as −COONa , or a sulfa group, such as −OSO3Na or −SO3Na.The hydrophobic part of the molecule attaches to the solid or fiber and the soil, and the hydrophilic part attaches to the water.